分析

问答题 根据题目要求完成下列任务,用中文作答。
简述写作教学中“范文”的作用。(8分)
并说明范文在教学中的使用步骤及每个步骤的教学目标。(12分)

正确答案
(1)范文对于英语写作主要有以下三方面的作用:
①范文能够说明所用体裁的特点;
②范文是说明英语语篇衔接手段如何使用的最好语境;
③范文能够开阔学生的思路。
(2)范文在教学中的使用步骤及每个步骤的教学目标:
①利用范文进行谋篇布局。
师生要能够在范文的结构和语言方面进行讨论,并弄清楚两个问题:a.这类文章结构和语言如何为文章的交际目的服务:b.还有哪些别的可能的结构和语言上的变化。只有这样,学生才能最大限度地利用范文来指导写作而不受范文的限制,才有可能避免全班学生千篇一律的现象。(目标)
②利用范文达到连贯的效果。
该步骤的教学目标是使学习者在写作中避免出现连接语使用不够的现象,造成文章的逻辑跳跃性很大,理解起来比较困难。也有相当一部分学生主观上想尽量多用连接语,以加强句子之间的衔接,但结果是连接语过分堆积,不仅不能增强语义方面的衔接力,反而往往会增加冗余信息,甚至造成语义上的逻辑混乱。这种现象也是写作教学应尽量避免的内容。(目标)
③利用范文开阔学生的写作思路。
这一阶段的目标是培养学生积极思考的习惯,使学生能够开阔自己的思路,这是影响学生写作的关键因素。
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