简答题:根据以下材料，回答46-50题
The real question in thinking about the nature of civilization is connected with the issue of improving the quality of man's interpersonal relationships.
It is impossible to use the scientific method when the thinker is guided by what he wants to believe instead of making a full surrender to the truth seeking process.Civilized man has found it a necessary aspect of being normal to accept the standards of thinking and behaving imposed by the social system in which he lives.(46) If he goes outside this system his sense of being a well adjusted person vanishes,and he becomes a maverick (独行其是者) with attributes which he and others regard as strange, unconventional, and queer.The social system he requires himself to accept is filled with magical and wonderful mechanisms, which, when viewed from the outside, are based on ignorance and immorality.To be well adjusted in such a human situation requires that both ignorance and immorality pass unnoticed and unrecorded.In order that these negative forces remain unidentified, the place of truth seeking is usurped (篡夺) by doctrine, and moral integrity must give way to authoritarianism.The primacy of truth and right becomes lost when the individual has a prior obligation to conventional normalcy and the rewards it brings.It is apparent that this is a unique problem for psychological science.(47) The scientist who deals with rocks,weather,chemicals, or stars has no such tyrannical pressure coming from his relationship with the world of the unknown.
How does it happen that a successful social adjustment requires of the individual that he defer to a large society in establishing what is true and right in human relationships? (48) What is the aspect of social stability which makes it appear to thrive on ignorant doctrine and the use of arbitrary violence? The real sources of our social ills, including injustice,prejudice, international war, and the like, is to be found within each individual himself.(49) There is something about the limitations man sets on his psychological growth which causes him to lose his way in understanding and controlling human nature.
The expansion of the self in awareness and ability is the only reliable source of inner identity and the sense of personal importance which goes with it.(50) When an individual continues to grow throughout a lifetime he stays psychologically young and has access to an increasing sense of being valuable to others.The more a man has to give to others in a psychological way the more he is equipped to believe in love and responsible power in human relationships.
第50题的答案是