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The Department of Housing and Urban Development is proposing to raise the bar for civil rights groups seeking to prove that a landlord, insurance company or lender is guilty of housing discrimination. The proposal would force civil rights groups to jump over five hurdles, instead of three, to demonstrate that a policy has had a discriminatory effect that violates the Fair Housing Act of 1968. The propsal also maps out how landlords and other defendants can successfully fight back against those claims and states that the Fair Housing Act does not override state laws that regulate the business of insurance.
Civil rights groups have long used analyses of the effect of policies to show that those policies have harmed minority groups. Such analyses have been used to uncover discrimination in an era when racial prejudice can be more subtle than in the past. Though minority unemployment is at record lows, black homeownership levels have declined to rates not seen since the 1960s.
"This effort to turn back the clock on civil rights is coming at a most inopportune time, and the Trump administration is keenly aware of it," said Lisa Rice, the president of the National Fair Housing Alliance. Civil rights groups fear that the Trump administration's new rule will make it far harder to challenge housing discrimination. Sherrilyn Ifill, the president and director counsel of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, called the five-part requirement" an incredible and extraordinary burden" that makes it "virtually impossible to prevail."
The proposed change dates to last summer when the standards for discrimination was announced to be amended. The new rule would force those initiating lawsuits not only to show that a specific housing policy has a discriminatory effect, but also to show that the effect is "arbitrary and unnecessary" in achieving a "legitimate objective." There must also be a "causal link" between the specific policy and the discriminatory effect.
Ms. Ifill said that rather than comply with the Supreme Court's ruling, the proposed rule advanced regulations far beyond the court's prescriptions. "It is important to see the development and enactment of these rules for what they are. This is what those who stand against the Fair Housing Act will not accomplish in the United States Supreme Court," she said. But Roger Clegg, the general counsel of the conservative Center for Equal Opportunity, applauded the changes and said they were in line with the Supreme Court ruling. But at the same time, he suggested that the court had made a mistake. "Current policies force people to take race into account in setting housing policies," he said, "which is exactly what the civil rights laws should discourage people from doing."
According to the text, the civil rights groups________

A have decided to violate the Fair Housing Act of 1968
B have exerted their energies to uncover housing discrimination
C think it is not that hard to challenge housing discrimination
D suggest Trump administration's new rule is a mistake

正确答案
B
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