分析

问答题 根据题目要求完成下列任务,用中文作答。
简述进行短文听写(dictation)的目的(6分)与三个基本步骤(6分)。写出短文听写的一个优点(4分)和一个缺点(4 分)。

正确答案
1.目的:短文听写是一种重要的教学手段和测试项目,用于测试评估应试者输入(听)和输出(写)的综合能力。
 2.三大步骤:
 一、瞻前顾后,预测内容
在听短文的录音之前,考生要快速浏览短文,对全文的内容有一个大致的了解,并对将要填写的词或词组进行预测。在浏览短文时,重点要看每段的第一句,因为绝大多数的英文写作中都会先有一个主题句,再引出下文的内容,把握好主题句,有助于预测空缺处的内容。在浏览短文的过程中,需要运用平行结构预测所填内容,根据空前后的词推测该空在句中的作用,进而预测其词性。
 二、集中精神,逐次填空
短文听写部分的录音一般会放三遍,每一遍都有不同的作用:录音放第一遍时,跟着录音走,边听边记下能填出的空,如果要填写的单词较长,可以暂时简写;录音放第二遍时,重点听第一遍没有听出来的词或词组,尽量把所有空都补齐,把第一遍没有写完整的单词补充完整;录音放第三遍时,要核对已经填出的词或词组,对于前两遍没有听出的单词要尽可能地听出来。
 三、检查细节,确保正确
在录音放完之后,一定要注意检查已填内容,排除因为粗心或笔误而造成的错误,如字母大小写、单词拼写、名词单复数和主谓一致等。
 3.优点:对于要考查的词汇,短语和语法能够清楚地判断考生的掌握情况,比如动词三单,名词单复数等问题。
缺点:相对于听一段听力材料,后用自己的语言答题这种题型来说,短文填空不能考查学生自我语言组织和输出能力。对于考生更高听力综合运用能力无法很好地考查。
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