A Airline apps have made airline competitions fiercer than ever. B B． Airline apps have immensely transformed travelers' digital lives. C C． Airline apps will probably replace airline staff in the near future. D D． Airline apps have provided magazines and newspaper for travelers.

A The SkyTeam airline alliance app. B B． KLM Royal Dutch Airlines app. C C． Global airline alliance app. D D． The Delta Air Lines app.

A Unlimited． B B． Easy. C C． Immediate. D D． Direct

A Realization of their unfulfilled dreams B B． A better service via computing devices. C C． An unoccupied signal on the phone line. D D． Immediate access to the needed information

A Biased B B． Neutral. C C． Critical. D D． Radical

A The job openings for newly-graduated Ph.d ．s are incredibly promising. B B． It seems impossible for newly-graduated Ph.d ．s to find a tenure-track job． C C． The M.L.A . report has overestimated the number of tenure-track jobs on the job list. D D． The M.L.A . report has exaggerated the difficulties to be encountered by newly-graduated Ph.d ．s.

A Cheerful. B B． Gloomy. C C． Complicated． D D． Queer.

A The expansion in college enrollments after the Second World War. B B． The shift of popularity from humanities majors to career-focused ones. C C． The rise in the number of women and minorities in graduate programs. D D． The lack of career-related guidance for college graduated in job-hunting.

A The idea of designing a shorter program. B B． The completion of a degree in five years. C C． The idea of drafting a shorter dissertation. D D． The suggestions given in the M.L.A. report

A Ph.d ． students' imagination tends to be subverted by their dissertation writing. B B． More time should be saved for Ph.d ． students to cultivate their professional skills. C C． With the dissertation shortened and simplified, Ph.d ． students can afford more time to hunt for job． D D． By adopting M.L.A.'s suggestion, graduate programs should guarantee academic jobs for all graduates.